Verbul - Prezentul Simplu
Prezentul Simplu (Present Tense Simple) prezinta o actiune care are loc in momentului vorbirii - now.
Prezentul Simplu in engleza se formeaza folosind infinitivul verbului (fara to), adaugandu-se doar la persoana a III-a singular terminatia -(e)s.
Terminatia -(e)s se pronunta:
- s dupa consoane surde: he thinks
- z dupa vocale si consoane sonore: he runs, he studies
- sau iz: he washes
Terminatia -es se foloseste cand verbul se termina in s,x,z,sh,ch,tch sau o: he watches, he goes.
Verbele terminate in -y precedat de o consoana schimba y in i si se adauga -es: he tries.
Afirmativ:
| to drive | to be |
| I drive | I am (I'm) |
| You drive | You are |
| He/she drives | He/she/it is |
| We drive | We are |
| You drive | You are |
| They drive | They are |
Negativ: se foloseste do not (don't) sau does not (doesn't) pentru persoana a III-a singular.
| to drive | to be |
| I do not (don't) drive | I am (I'm) not |
| You do not (don't) drive | You are not (aren't) |
| He/she does not (doesn't) drive | He/she/it is not (isn't) |
| We do not (don't) drive | We are not (aren't) |
| You do not (don't) drive | You are not (aren't) |
| They do not (don't) drive | They are not (aren't) |
Interogativ: se foloseste auxiliarul do sau does (la persoana a III-a singular) urmat de verb. Se conjuga numai auxiliarul.
| to drive | to be |
| Do I drive? | Am I? |
| Do you drive? | Are you? |
| Does he/she drives? | Is he/she/it? |
| Do we drive? | Are we? |
| Do you drive? | Are you? |
| Do they drive? | Are they? |
Folosire:
- Prezentul simplu este folosit pentru actiuni obisnuite, repetate fixate prin adverbe sau locutiuni adverbiale ca: every day, usually, rarely, sometimes, once a week, often etc.
I usualy watch TV.
We play tennis every day. - Prezentul exprima actiuni generale care au loc intr-un moment nespecificat, dar care include si momentul vorbirii. Adverbele folosite sunt: always, never, ever.
Sun shine.
Birds fly.
Wood always floats in the water. - Prezentul se refera la actiuni care se petrec in momentul vorbirii sau care au loc pentru o perioada limitata in prezent, comentarii, demonstratii, exclamatii
Look! It's raining!
What are you reading these days? - Prezentul poate avea valoare de viitor pentru
- exprimarea datei: Tomorrow is Sunday.
- actiunilor planificate, aranjamente de viitor folosite cu verbe de miscare (go, came, leave) sau verbe ca begin, start, finish: He leave Cluj at ten. The bus for Bucharest lives at 12.15 on Monday.
- subordonate de timp (introduse de after, before) sau conditionale (introduse de if, in case): If it rains I'll stay home.
- Prezentul cu valoare de trecut se foloseste in povestiri ( One day the girl goes to the woods), sau cu verbele tell, learn, write (She tells me that they won. )
